Criminal trials typically end in one of two verdicts - "guilty" or "not guilty". Under Scots law there exists a third verdict - "not proven". This is functionally the same as "not guilty" but is typically used to indicate the jury believe the defendant is guilty but lack sufficient evidence.

The Ghana Cocoa Board, also called Cocobod, is a state-run organisation that purchases cocoa beans from farmers and sells them on to traders. It sells the beans to traders at market price, but buys the beans at a price fixed at the start of the year to smooth out fluctuations in cocoa market value.

Activist short-sellers investigate companies, short the stock of those they claim to be engaging in fraud or mismanagement, and then publish reports detailing their claims. They hope that the company’s stock price will fall, which would make them profit. The industry is legally fraught and has been in a decline for years, exemplified by the shutting down of Hindenburg Group, famous for shorting the Adani Group in 2023.

In 2021, the military of Myanmar overthrew Aung San Suu Kyi's democratically elected government, provoking a civil war. Since October 2023, the military junta has suffered significant defeats at the hands of a variety of armies representing different ethnic groups. Large parts of the country, especially the borderlands, are now controlled by functionally autonomous statelets run by these ethnic armies.

In the context of anti-terrorism, "decapitation" refers to the strategy of targeting terrorist leaders for assassination<font color="#ffffff"><b>.</b></font>